Did Jesus really exist? The non-Christian evidence
Roman historians, Jewish records and archaeology that corroborate the Gospel accounts — the evidence for Jesus of Nazareth that does not come from Christians.
“This has not been done in a corner.”
The historical case, argued on historians' terms. Where the evidence is strong we say so; where it is thin we say that too.
Kings named by their enemies, governors on stone, the pools of John’s Gospel and the earliest Christian worship — each find rated for how much it really shows.
Roman historians, Jewish records and archaeology that corroborate the Gospel accounts — the evidence for Jesus of Nazareth that does not come from Christians.
Stones, inscriptions and tunnels that name biblical kings, governors and places — what the ground has confirmed, where the debate is still open, and what archaeology can never prove.
Where 25 December really came from, why Easter is tied to Passover, what the word "Easter" means — and what to say when someone tells you your feasts are borrowed from idolaters.
House churches before dawn, shared meals, baptism in running water, care for widows and abandoned babies — what ordinary Christian life looked like in the first three centuries, and why Rome called them atheists.
What a shepherd found in the caves at Qumran in 1947, what the scrolls show about how faithfully the Old Testament was copied, and which of the sensational claims about them you can safely ignore.
The internet says Jesus was copied from Horus, Mithras, Dionysus and Krishna. Here is what the ancient sources actually say, why the dates do not work, and how to answer kindly when a friend forwards the video.
The historical case for the resurrection using only facts sceptical scholars concede — the minimal facts method, the alternative explanations, and why each of them fails.
From twelve frightened men to the official faith of the empire in three centuries — the roads, the martyrs, the plagues, the strategy and the emperors that made it happen.
What Nicaea, Constantinople, Ephesus and Chalcedon actually decided, why the arguments mattered, and what the creeds are for.
Between the last great council and the Ninety-Five Theses lie a thousand years that most Protestants could not summarise in a sentence. Monasteries, missions, schism, crusade, scholasticism, corruption and the reformers before the Reformation.
The abuses, the doctrinal recovery, the five solas, the printing press, and the honest reckoning with what the Reformation cost as well as what it gained.
Ethiopia, Egypt, Nubia, Persia, India and China had established churches centuries before most of Europe. The strongest answer to "Christianity is the white man's religion".
Pietism, the Evangelical Revival, Edwards and Wesley and Whitefield, the camp meetings, and the movements that came out of them — abolition, Sunday schools, Bible societies. Including the manipulation and the slaveholding.
Carey, Judson, Taylor, Slessor, Moon and the century that took the gospel to most of the world — travelling on the same ships as empire. What the missionaries got wrong, what they got right, and why the churches they planted outgrew them.
Azusa Street, the Confessing Church, the gulag, the expulsion from China, Lausanne 1974, and the largest geographical shift in Christian history — from a European faith to an African, Asian and Latin American one, inside a single lifetime.
The first Christian emperor is blamed for inventing the deity of Jesus, choosing the Bible and replacing the Sabbath. What Constantine actually did, what he did not do, and what imperial favour gave and cost the church.
Manzikert, Clermont, Jerusalem 1099, the Rhineland, Constantinople 1204 and the Reconquista. Why the "unprovoked aggression" story is bad history, why no context excuses the conduct, and how to talk about it honestly — including with Muslim friends.
From Portuguese chaplains in Benin and Warri to Badagry 1842, Crowther and the Niger Mission, Calabar, the Aladura churches, the civil war, the campus revivals and the Pentecostal explosion — and the north, where the story is different again.
What the New Testament actually says about slavery, how the early and medieval church pushed against it, how churches were complicit in the Atlantic trade, and how Christians — Black and white — led the fight to end it. An honest account of both sides.
How many Christians face persecution, who is doing it and why, what is actually happening in Nigeria, North Korea, China, India, Iran, Afghanistan and Eritrea — and how to pray and help without spreading rumours or hatred.
Papias, Irenaeus and the Muratorian fragment; the anonymity question; pre-70 and post-70 dating; Markan priority, Q and the Farrer hypothesis; the beloved disciple; and Bauckham's eyewitness thesis — with the sceptical case stated fairly.
William Ramsay's change of mind, Colin Hemer's catalogue, politarchs, Gallio and the Delphi inscription, Sergius Paulus, Erastus, the Asiarchs, the "we" passages and the shipwreck — and the real problems of Quirinius and Theudas, stated honestly.
Nag Hammadi, Thomas, Judas, Mary and Philip: what these texts actually are, when they were written, what they teach, and why the early church read them and said no — long before Constantine.
The hymns, confessions and prayers Paul quotes in the 50s were already older. They worship Jesus as Lord within Jewish monotheism — evidence that has overturned the old theory of a slow deification.
Language, politics, the filioque, papal primacy and even the bread of communion: the long drift that became a divorce, why 1054 mattered less than 1204, the failed reunions, the 1965 reconciliation — and how the Ethiopian and Coptic churches fit in.